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[LeetCode Solution 131]: Palindrome Partitioning ********************************************************************************* Question: Given a string   s , partition   s   such that every substring of the partition is a palindrome. Return all possible palindrome partitioning of   s . For example, given   s   =   "aab" , Return [ ["aa","b"], ["a","a","b"] ] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Recursive Method Strategy We are going to use backtracking to solve this problem, the idea is if we find a palindrome  substring, we add it in a temp and go further searching, the idea is as shows in the following picture: Java public class Solution { public List<List<String>> partition(String s) { if (s.length() == 0 || s == null) return null; List<List<String>> res = new ArrayList...

[LeetCode Solution 40]: Combination Sum II ********************************************************************************* Question: Given a collection of candidate numbers ( C ) and a target number ( T ), find all unique combinations in  C  where the candidate numbers sums to  T . Each number in  C  may only be used  once  in the combination. Note: All numbers (including the target) will be positive integers. The solution set must not contain duplicate combinations. For example, given candidate set  [10, 1, 2, 7, 6, 1, 5]  and target, 8 A solution set is:  [ [1, 7], [1, 2, 5], [2, 6], [1, 1, 6] ] -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Approach Recursive Method Strategy The idea is same with the  [LeetCode Solution 39] Combination Sum , using backtracking method, but the only difference is how to get the value that we hav...

[Machine Learning] #10 Solving Problem of Overfitting  [Write Infront]: In the previous Machine Learning Topic, we talk about the Linear Regression and Logistic Regression, but we don't focus on the very important topic, Overfitting.  ************************************************************************ ************************************************************************ [The Problem of Overfitting]: What is Overfitting, in a very easy word, overfitting is the function we got is soo.. accurate for the training set but not generalize for the new. Typical overfitting means that error on the training data is very low but error on new data is high. Do not do that soo accurate, because our life is not that accurate. right? So, the problem is how we can avoid such problem? 1) Reduce the number of features: Manually select which feature to keep. Use model selection Algo (We will discuss later) 2) Regularization: Keep all the...

[Machine Learning] #9 Multi-class Classification [Write Infront]: Binary classification posted in the previous blog  [Machine Learning]: #8 Logistic Model . The picture (Allen Turing) is different from the previous one no tense expression, so topic today seems like much easier to understand...😃 ********************************************************************************* ********************************************************************************* [Muti-Classification] The different is we want to seperate the output in diferent class, that's it! Instead of \(y = \{ 0, 1\}\), we will expand our defination so that  \(y = \{ 0, 1, 2, 3 ..., n\}\). So, for each \(y\), we have to divide our problem into \(n+1\)binary classification problems. In each one, we predict the probability that 'y' is a member of one of our classes. $$\eqalign{   & y \in \{ 0,1,......n\}   \cr   & H_\theta ^0(x) = P(y = 0|x,\theta )...

[Machine Learning]: #8 Logistic Model *************************************** [Write Infront]: let's review the model we have already defined in  [Machine Learning]: #7 Classification Introduction   Training Sets $$\{ ({x^{(1)}},{y^{(1)}}),({x^{(2)}},{y^{(2)}}),.....({x^{(m)}},{y^{(m)}})\} $$ where  $$x \in \left[ {\matrix{    1  \cr    {{x_1}}  \cr    {...}  \cr    {{x_n}}  \cr  } } \right]$$ and \(x_0 = 1\ , y \in \{ 0,1\}\) $${H_\theta }(x) = {1 \over {1 + {e^{ - {\theta ^T}x}}}}$$. Our problem become to that how to define a Cost Function for \({H_\theta }(x)\) to determine a Best \(\theta \) ********************************************************************************* ********************************************************************************* [Cost Function for Logistic Function]: Some of you may ask why we don't use the  Cost Function for Li...

[Machine Learning] #7 Classification Introduction **************************************** [What is Classification Problem]: if or not problem/ yes or no problem. Is it a spam email? Are you a good boy? Do you like this girl?......  [Logistic Regression Model]: Linear Regression performs badly in the classification problems. because the classification problem is not 'Continuous'. Intuitively, it also doesn't make sense for \({H_\theta }(x)\) which is larger than 1 or smaller than 0 we when knowing the \(y = \{ 0,1\}\), \(y\) is just 0 or 1. So we try to make the value of  \({H_\theta }(x)\) between 0 and 1, how can we do that? Yes, Logistic Function. $${H_\theta }(x) = g({\theta ^T}x)$$ $$z = {\theta ^T}x$$ $$g(z) = {1 \over {1 + {e^{ - z}}}}$$ And the following image shows that what the function looks like: [What does the funtion means]: \({H_\theta }(x)\) gives us the probability that the output is 1. For example.  \({H...

[Machine Learning]: #6  Model Selection and Cross-Validation **************************************** Write Infront: The topic we discuss before give us linear and polynomial functions to fit the data. But which model is the best and how can we decide which one to choose? Today we are going to tell you how to choose a better model for the data. Let's Start Step by Step: Here is a good video:  Model Selection and Cross-Validation ********************************************************************************* [Model Selection]:  Use the Data we have and test it by the same data, it is horrible idea!!!! [Cross Validation]: [Step1]: choose a model, (maybe a linear regression with d =1) [Step2]: separate the data. [Step3]: For every data set they have to once test set. and get the error value(it is not official, but you know what I mean) ................ (after all these steps, calculate the average value of you mode1) [St...